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Residential Energy Consumption Historical Data Tables

Table 1. Consumption and Expenditures in U.S. Households--Major Energy Sources (1), 1997
 
                       
        Average of Major Energy Sources
                       
    Residential Buildings Consumption Expenditures
      Total   per            
      Floor- per   Square   per   per   per
   Total Total   space(2) Building Foot per   Household per   Square per Household
  Households Number (billion (million   (thousand   Household Member Building Foot Household Member
Characteristics (million) (million) sq. ft.) Btu) Btu) (million Btu)  (million Btu)  (dollars) (dollars) (dollars) (dollars)
                       
Total U.S. Households 101.5 83.2 168.8 123 61 101.0 39 1,633 0.80 1,338 517
Census Region and Division
Northeast 19.7 15.1 34.6 158 69 121.0 48 2,153 0.94 1,644 658
New England 5.3 4.2 9.3 156 70 123.0 48 2,085 0.94 1,647 648
Middle Atlantic 14.4 10.9 25.3 159 68 120.0 48 2,179 0.94 1,643 662
Midwest 24.1 20.4 46.1 158 70 134.0 51 1,647 0.73 1,396 537
East North Central 16.9 14.0 31.8 167 73 138.0 53 1,714 0.75 1,417 539
West North Central 7.2 6.4 14.3 138 62 124.0 49 1,501 0.68 1,347 531
South 35.9 30.6 56.1 98 54 84.0 33 1,558 0.85 1,328 519
South Atlantic 18.7 15.6 30.5 90 46 75.0 30 1,592 0.82 1,330 529
East South Central 6.3 5.7 9.8 97 57 88.0 35 1,362 0.80 1,230 496
West South Central 10.8 9.2 15.8 113 66 97.0 36 1,621 0.95 1,381 517
West 21.8 17.2 32.0 95 51 75.0 28 1,286 0.69 1,013 376
Mountain 6.2 5.3 9.8 110 59 94.0 35 1,246 0.67 1,062 397
Pacific 15.6 11.9 22.2 88 47 67.0 25 1,304 0.70 994 368
Four Most Populated States
California 11.5 8.7 15.8 85 47 64.0 23 1,337 0.73 1,008 363
Florida 5.9 4.9 9.3 67 35 55.0 22 1,535 0.81 1,266 499
New York 6.8 4.3 11.2 196 75 123.0 50 2,743 1.05 1,724 705
Texas 7.0 5.7 10.4 117 65 96.0 34 1,677 0.92 1,374 486
Metropolitan Statistical Area
 Urban 78.6 62.0 131.4 128 60 101.0 39 1,687 0.80 1,331 510
  Central City 36.8 26.7 54.5 135 66 98.0 39 1,692 0.83 1,226 484
  Suburban 41.9 35.4 76.9 122 56 103.0 39 1,684 0.77 1,423 531
 Rural 22.8 21.2 37.4 109 62 101.0 41 1,467 0.83 1,363 545
Urban/Rural Location (3)
City 48.2 35.3 71.1 131 65 96.0 38 1,642 0.82 1,203 475
Town 18.2 15.4 30.4 123 62 104.0 41 1,593 0.81 1,350 529
Suburbs 18.6 16.5 37.2 125 55 110.0 41 1,718 0.76 1,522 569
Rural or Open Country 16.5 16.0 30.0 105 56 102.0 38 1,554 0.83 1,513 564
Climate Zone (4)
Fewer than 2,000 CDD and--
More than 7,000 HDD 9.3 8.4 17.9 136 64 123.0 47 1,433 0.67 1,301 502
5,500 to 7,000 HDD 28.0 23.0 51.8 156 69 128.0 49 1,757 0.78 1,438 557
4,000 to 5,499 HDD 22.5 17.6 38.2 135 62 106.0 42 1,839 0.85 1,439 578
Fewer than 4,000 HDD 19.5 15.7 28.1 92 52 74.0 28 1,404 0.79 1,133 426
2,000 CDD or More and--
Fewer than 4,000 HDD 22.2 18.5 32.8 92 52 77.0 29 1,561 0.88 1,305 497
Type and Ownership of
Housing Unit
Single-Family Detached 63.8 63.8 128.9 118 58 117.9 42 1,529 0.76 1,529 547
Owned 55.6 55.6 117.3 120 57 119.9 44 1,558 0.74 1,558 568
Rented 8.1 8.1 11.6 104 73 104.1 33 1,331 0.94 1,331 421
Single-Family Attached 9.9 9.9 14.6 94 64 94.4 40 1,256 0.86 1,256 538
Owned 5.5 5.5 9.5 101 58 100.9 48 1,358 0.78 1,358 651
Rented 4.5 4.5 5.1 86 76 86.5 33 1,131 0.99 1,131 429
Multifamily
2 to 4 Units 5.6 2.0 5.5 251 93 91.5 41 3,041 1.13 1,108 493
Owned 0.9 0.3 1.3 409 104 151.4 60 4,461 1.14 1,650 650
Rented 4.7 1.7 4.2 219 90 79.7 36 2,756 1.12 1,001 457
5 or More Units 15.8 1.1 13.6 718 57 48.6 24 11,149 0.88 755 368
Owned 1.2 0.1 1.2 1,027 47 50.4 34 15,002 0.69 736 501
Rented 14.6 1.0 12.3 700 58 48.5 23 10,932 0.90 757 360
Mobile Homes 6.3 6.3 6.3 79 80 79.5 32 1,206 1.21 1,206 478
Owned 5.3 5.3 5.4 81 79 81.2 32 1,219 1.19 1,219 486
Rented 1.1 1.1 0.9 71 86 71.0 27 1,143 1.39 1,143 442
Estimated Heated
Floorspace
(Square Feet) (5)
Fewer than 600 7.9 3.6 6.1 135 79 61.0 32 1,816 1.06 818 429
600 to 999 21.5 13.4 22.9 124 73 77.0 35 1,654 0.97 1,031 469
1,000 to 1,599 30.4 27.4 48.2 108 61 97.0 37 1,436 0.82 1,297 494
1,600 to 1,999 15.3 14.9 30.8 120 58 117.0 40 1,583 0.77 1,543 529
2,000 to 2,399 7.9 7.8 18.9 125 52 124.0 43 1,682 0.70 1,669 583
2,400 to 2,999 5.3 5.3 15.0 140 49 138.0 45 1,862 0.65 1,836 599
3,000 or More 4.1 4.1 14.0 177 52 175.0 53 2,312 0.68 2,288 695
No Estimate Provided 9.1 6.8 12.9 136 72 101.0 39 1,739 0.92 1,299 503
Total Number of Rooms
1 or 2 3.1 0.8 1.5 141 77 39.0 26 2,071 1.13 569 374
3 9.2 2.9 6.7 163 71 52.0 30 2,412 1.05 768 446
4 18.3 11.7 19.0 115 71 74.0 34 1,584 0.98 1,014 468
5 21.3 19.0 29.9 104 66 93.0 36 1,397 0.89 1,249 483
6 20.0 19.3 35.2 116 64 112.0 40 1,520 0.83 1,464 522
7 14.2 14.1 30.4 123 57 122.0 42 1,630 0.76 1,615 561
8 8.4 8.3 22.4 142 53 142.0 45 1,771 0.66 1,763 560
9 or More 7.0 7.0 23.6 167 50 166.0 49 2,111 0.63 2,104 623
Ownership of Unit
Owned 68.5 66.8 134.7 118 58 115.0 43 1,541 0.76 1,503 568
Rented 33.0 16.5 34.1 145 70 73.0 29 1,998 0.97 996 405
Year of Construction
1939 or Before 18.7 15.4 32.4 160 76 132.0 50 1,788 0.85 1,471 563
1940 to 1949 9.2 7.7 13.4 131 76 110.0 45 1,565 0.90 1,314 539
1950 to 1959 12.5 11.1 19.3 120 69 106.0 41 1,518 0.87 1,340 517
1960 to 1969 14.4 11.3 22.6 122 61 96.0 39 1,609 0.81 1,264 514
1970 to 1979 19.6 15.0 30.8 114 56 87.0 34 1,682 0.82 1,291 500
1980 to 1989 17.3 14.1 30.0 100 47 82.0 31 1,602 0.75 1,302 500
1990 to 1997 (6) 9.7 8.6 20.2 107 45 95.0 33 1,544 0.66 1,369 483
All Utilities Paid by Household  
Yes 89.7 79.4 158.5 118 59 104.0 39 1,578 0.79 1,397 528
No 11.8 3.9 10.4 229 86 75.0 35 2,715 1.01 892 420
1997 Household Income  
Less than $5,000 3.8 2.4 4.0 125 76 81.0 36 1,581 0.96 1,028 456
$5,000 to $9,999 9.6 6.0 10.2 118 70 74.0 39 1,560 0.92 985 513
$10,000 to $14,999 10.3 7.6 12.5 113 69 83.0 36 1,447 0.88 1,063 462
$15,000 to $19,999 10.4 8.4 14.4 108 63 88.0 36 1,455 0.85 1,182 484
$20,000 to $24,999 8.4 6.8 12.0 113 65 92.0 39 1,518 0.87 1,233 520
$25,000 to $34,999 15.6 12.8 24.6 120 62 98.0 38 1,558 0.81 1,276 493
$35,000 to $49,999 15.5 13.2 27.6 126 60 107.0 39 1,642 0.78 1,394 512
$50,000 to $74,999 16.4 15.0 34.1 130 57 119.0 40 1,746 0.77 1,599 543
$75,000 or More 11.5 10.9 29.5 141 52 134.0 43 1,931 0.72 1,835 592
Below Poverty Line
100 Percent 14.6 10.0 16.8 122 72 83.0 29 1,598 0.95 1,088 376
125 Percent 19.7 13.5 22.9 121 71 83.0 30 1,602 0.94 1,096 394
150 Percent 26.7 18.9 31.9 119 71 84.0 30 1,582 0.94 1,117 404
Eligible for Federal
Assistance (7)		 34.1 24.7 42.9 120 69 87.0 33 1,572 0.91 1,140 427
Age of Householder
Under 25 Years 5.7 2.9 5.7 137 69 70.0 27 1,920 0.97 974 382
25 to 34 Years 18.5 13.3 25.9 122 63 88.0 29 1,644 0.85 1,184 398
35 to 44 Years 23.2 20.1 42.6 124 59 107.0 32 1,662 0.78 1,441 435
45 to 59 Years 25.6 22.9 48.6 127 60 113.0 45 1,700 0.80 1,519 597
60 Years and Over 28.5 24.1 46.0 118 62 99.0 56 1,499 0.78 1,265 708
Race of Householder
White 78.5 67.8 138.4 120 59 104.0 42 1,595 0.78 1,378 556
Black 12.7 9.4 17.8 142 75 105.0 39 1,826 0.97 1,351 500
Other (8) 10.3 6.1 12.6 124 59 73.0 22 1,731 0.83 1,020 313
Householder of Hispanic
Descent		  
Yes 9.4 6.3 11.5 114 62 76.0 23 1,630 0.89 1,089 335
No 92.1 76.9 157.3 124 61 104.0 41 1,631 0.80 1,364 541
Household Size
1 Person 25.6 17.4 31.2 110 61 75.0 75 1,411 0.79 962 962
2 Persons 33.0 28.2 57.5 118 58 101.0 51 1,574 0.77 1,347 673
3 Persons 17.4 14.9 30.5 128 62 110.0 37 1,717 0.84 1,471 490
4 Persons 15.2 13.4 28.8 134 62 118.0 29 1,788 0.83 1,571 393
5 Persons 6.4 5.8 13.0 137 61 124.0 25 1,820 0.81 1,640 328
6 or More Persons 3.9 3.5 7.7 143 65 130.0 20 1,908 0.87 1,734 261
Number of Stories
Single-Family Homes 73.7 73.7 143.5 115 59 115.0 42 1,492 0.77 1,492 546
1 Story 41.1 41.1 66.7 99 61 99.0 38 1,348 0.83 1,348 521
2 Stories 26.9 26.9 63.2 133 57 133.0 46 1,669 0.71 1,669 571
3 Stories 3.2 3.2 8.6 154 58 154.0 53 1,803 0.68 1,803 618
Split-Level 2.4 2.4 4.9 128 63 128.0 45 1,550 0.76 1,550 541
Other Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q
Mobile Homes 6.3 6.3 6.3 79 80 79.0 32 1,206 1.21 1,206 478
Number of Floors in
Apartment Buildings
1 or 2 Floors 10.9 2.1 9.9 296 64 58.0 27 4,273 0.92 835 386
3 or 4 Floors 5.4 0.6 4.8 564 68 60.0 28 7,747 0.93 828 390
5 to 10 Floors 2.1 0.1 1.7 1,708 74 62.0 29 23,735 1.03 863 402
11 to 20 Floors 0.8 (*) 0.6 6,950 75 51.0 35 92,234 0.99 682 461
More than 20 Floors 0.2 (*) 0.2 Q 48 39.0 19 Q 0.87 707 338
Don't Know/No Answer 2.0 0.4 1.9 383 77 74.0 38 5,397 1.09 1,041 529
Number of Units in
Apartment Buildings
2 to 4 Units 5.6 2.0 5.5 253 93 92.0 41 3,063 1.13 1,108 493
5 to 10 Units 4.7 0.7 4.4 367 55 52.0 24 5,789 0.87 817 375
11 to 20 Units 4.2 0.3 3.5 605 50 43.0 21 10,512 0.87 743 358
21 to 50 Units 2.7 0.1 2.2 1,612 59 48.0 23 23,067 0.84 690 326
51 Units or More 2.8 (*) 2.1 4,977 62 47.0 28 72,341 0.90 684 407
No Answer 1.4 0.1 1.2 951(9) 67 59.0 27 13,682(9) 0.97 855 387
Not Applicable 80.1 80.1 149.7 112 60 112.0 41 1,469 0.79 1,469 541
                       
(1)  Major Energy Sources include: electricity, natural gas, fuel oil, kerosene, and liquefied petroleum gas.
(2)  In previous RECS, square footage measurements were obtained during the personal interview.  In the 1997 RECS, square footage was
estimated using a regression equation developed with the 1993 RECS data.  The 1997 RECS estimated square footage tends to be larger
than the 1993 measured square footage.
(3)  Based on the household respondent's description rather than the Federal Government definition.
(4)  One of five climatically distinct areas, determined according to the 30-year average (1961-1990) of the annual heating and
cooling degree-days.  For this report, the heating or cooling degree-days are a measure of how cold or how hot a location is over a
period of one year, relative to a base temperature of 65 degrees Fahrenheit.  A household is assigned to a climate zone according to
the 30-year average annual degree-days for an appropriate nearby weather station.
(5)  Estimates provided by the household interview respondents, who were asked which category best described the total heated
floorspace in the home.
(6)  New construction for 1997 includes only those housing units built and occupied between January and the April-September period when
the household interviews were conducted.
(7)  Below 150 percent of poverty line or 60 percent of median State income.
(8)  Includes 5.5 million householders who described themselves as Hispanic rather than White, Black, or other.
(9)  For these buildings we assumed 16 units, the median value of the reported cases.
(*) = Value rounds to zero in the units displayed.
Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were
sampled.
Notes:  • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals.
Source:  Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential
Energy Consumption Survey.

Contacts:

Specific questions on this product may be directed to:
Eileen O'Brien
mailto:Eileen.O'Brien@eia.doe.gov
Program Manager
Phone: (202) 586-1122
FAX: (202) 586-0018