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Table ET5. Industrial sector energy price and expenditure estimates, 1970-2023, Vermont
Table ET5. Industrial sector energy price and expenditure estimates, 1970-2023, Vermont







Year		 Primary energy




Electricity i



Total
energy f,g,h
Coal

Natural
gas a		 Petroleum Biomass


Total f,g,h
Coking
coal		 Steam
coal
Total		 Distillate
fuel oil
HGL b		 Motor
gasoline c		 Residual
fuel oil
Other d
Total		 Wood and
waste e,f
Prices in dollars per million Btu
1970 — 0.87 0.87 0.85 0.84 1.42 3.09 0.53 1.26 0.97 1.42 0.99 4.52 1.70
1971 — 0.61 0.61 0.93 0.89 1.39 3.20 0.64 1.48 1.09 1.42 1.09 4.62 1.82
1972 — 1.02 1.02 1.00 0.89 1.42 3.20 0.57 1.93 1.11 1.42 1.12 5.17 2.08
1973 — 1.25 1.25 1.10 1.13 1.39 3.34 0.71 2.36 1.36 1.42 1.32 5.52 2.32
1974 — 1.71 1.71 1.19 2.22 2.35 4.47 1.99 3.01 2.46 1.42 2.13 7.20 3.47
1975 — 2.60 2.60 1.44 2.38 3.07 4.69 1.93 3.81 2.64 1.42 2.34 7.61 3.60
1976 — 1.79 1.79 2.25 2.68 3.54 4.81 1.97 4.29 2.73 1.42 2.56 8.10 4.05
1977 — 2.02 2.02 2.67 2.90 3.62 4.96 2.28 4.73 3.01 1.42 2.80 8.13 4.05
1978 — 1.78 1.78 2.75 3.00 3.85 5.13 2.25 5.89 3.27 1.42 2.99 8.82 4.45
1979 — 1.54 1.54 3.22 4.42 3.82 7.28 2.86 6.11 4.53 1.42 3.90 8.95 5.33
1980 — 1.65 1.65 4.94 5.84 5.83 10.12 4.01 9.37 5.99 1.50 4.96 11.37 6.90
1981 — 1.86 1.86 5.65 6.53 6.79 11.22 4.96 10.97 7.03 1.50 5.58 14.15 8.11
1982 — 1.99 1.99 5.50 7.09 7.01 10.52 4.84 9.76 6.98 1.50 5.65 15.76 8.43
1983 — 1.93 1.93 5.06 6.87 7.52 9.94 4.70 9.50 6.87 1.50 5.28 15.60 8.36
1984 — 2.39 2.39 5.22 6.91 7.31 9.51 5.06 7.07 6.49 1.50 5.28 16.67 8.82
1985 — 2.39 2.39 4.91 6.58 12.55 9.53 4.54 6.89 6.98 1.50 5.55 18.40 9.57
1986 — 2.62 2.62 3.57 4.24 12.23 7.47 2.92 6.41 5.32 1.66 4.55 20.05 8.90
1987 — 2.37 2.37 3.52 4.78 12.35 7.58 3.15 5.12 5.35 1.66 4.57 19.79 8.20
1988 — 2.52 2.52 3.00 4.51 11.81 7.87 2.54 4.99 4.91 1.66 4.14 19.39 8.01
1989 — 2.60 2.60 3.05 5.38 11.05 8.84 2.84 5.50 5.80 1.38 4.72 19.21 8.65
1990 — 2.62 2.62 3.57 6.21 11.81 9.66 3.33 11.87 7.26 1.44 5.92 19.39 10.89
1991 — 2.59 2.59 3.03 5.94 13.19 9.48 2.51 3.55 5.45 1.32 4.63 20.56 9.20
1992 — 2.56 2.56 3.29 5.53 10.96 9.39 2.54 3.54 5.31 1.32 4.49 21.39 9.54
1993 — — — 3.58 5.25 11.08 9.15 2.62 8.46 5.55 1.31 4.62 21.98 10.41
1994 — — — 3.48 5.38 8.78 9.24 2.64 4.68 5.30 1.35 4.35 21.97 10.26
1995 — — — 3.40 5.30 7.85 9.81 2.90 4.70 5.42 1.39 4.28 22.15 10.41
1996 — — — 3.39 6.19 8.94 10.13 3.25 4.65 5.66 1.20 4.50 22.22 10.57
1997 — 2.59 2.59 3.03 5.89 12.94 10.35 3.21 4.43 5.11 1.18 3.97 21.82 8.35
1998 — 2.30 — 2.77 4.91 9.40 8.97 2.48 4.59 5.01 1.24 4.01 21.31 10.11
1999 — 2.31 2.31 3.02 4.99 9.50 9.92 2.84 5.06 5.08 1.35 3.73 21.54 9.50
2000 — — — 2.95 7.89 12.38 12.36 4.73 6.91 7.80 1.41 5.35 21.44 10.48
2001 — — — 4.96 7.39 13.48 11.57 4.50 5.82 7.89 1.83 6.56 23.12 12.04
2002 — — — 4.37 6.74 12.73 11.18 4.41 7.02 7.99 1.82 6.53 23.15 12.64
2003 — — — 4.94 7.95 14.10 12.79 5.29 8.49 9.00 1.66 7.65 23.58 13.36
2004 — — — 6.02 10.15 16.60 15.29 5.18 6.79 9.43 1.72 8.39 23.34 12.79
2005 — — — 7.62 14.05 19.92 18.43 7.86 9.70 13.88 2.55 11.24 22.79 15.01
2006 — — — 9.24 16.56 21.75 20.90 9.29 11.99 16.93 2.48 13.51 24.41 17.05
2007 — — — 9.07 18.67 25.61 22.91 10.09 10.93 16.41 1.70 13.89 26.15 18.10
2008 — — — 9.55 24.20 32.72 27.25 14.30 20.02 23.76 1.70 17.95 26.94 21.40
2009 — — — 7.89 16.82 25.65 19.75 11.00 12.20 14.70 1.70 12.72 26.99 16.76
2010 — — — 6.52 19.21 24.23 23.65 13.45 15.57 [R ] 17.43 [R ] 1.70 14.54 [R ] 27.94 18.13 [R ]
2011 — — — 6.04 24.27 29.98 30.29 17.59 17.23 [R ] 21.16 [R ] 2.18 17.63 [R ] 28.80 20.56 [R ]
2012 — — — 4.83 25.44 24.19 31.28 19.98 18.50 [R ] 22.08 [R ] 2.16 17.94 [R ] 29.25 21.08 [R ]
2013 — — — 8.46 24.52 23.27 30.53 19.70 18.18 [R ] 21.13 [R ] 2.09 19.23 [R ] 31.78 23.00 [R ]
2014 — — — 6.52 24.32 25.46 29.33 18.63 18.81 [R ] 21.50 [R ] 2.56 18.71 [R ] 29.99 22.00 [R ]
2015 — — — 5.37 15.61 14.60 20.74 10.30 16.94 [R ] 16.50 [R ] 2.51 14.14 [R ] 30.10 18.95 [R ]
2016 — — — 5.08 12.79 13.11 18.66 7.57 13.31 [R ] 13.34 [R ] 2.72 11.42 [R ] 29.97 17.33 [R ]
2017 — — — 4.78 13.92 17.42 20.96 10.32 13.13 14.00 2.58 12.10 29.94 17.35
2018 — — — 4.40 18.18 18.90 23.39 13.32 16.67 17.69 3.10 14.68 31.23 19.73
2019 — — — 3.99 16.67 15.21 21.92 12.70 17.42 [R ] 17.24 [R ] 3.10 13.98 32.37 19.77
2020 — — — 3.35 11.95 14.43 18.46 9.99 15.27 [R ] 13.94 3.10 11.73 32.83 17.77
2021 — — — 4.95 16.36 21.81 25.09 14.94 17.13 [R ] 17.34 [R ] 3.10 14.71 [R ] 33.34 20.46 [R ]
2022 — — — 6.42 27.87 23.14 33.79 24.60 22.05 [R ] 25.12 [R ] 3.05 [R ] 20.96 [R ] 34.83 25.19 [R ]
2023 — — — 5.49 23.95 18.90 29.75 22.38 19.93 22.38 3.05 18.53 33.03 23.10
Expenditures in million dollars
1970 — 0.1 0.1 0.9 2.3 0.6 1.1 1.5 3.0 8.5 1.1 10.6 12.1 22.8
1971 — 0.1 0.1 1.2 2.3 0.7 1.0 1.9 4.0 9.8 1.2 12.3 13.5 25.8
1972 — 0.1 0.1 1.4 2.3 0.7 1.0 1.7 3.4 9.2 1.0 11.7 16.8 28.5
1973 — 0.1 0.1 2.0 3.1 0.7 1.2 2.0 4.1 11.1 1.1 14.3 18.9 33.2
1974 — 0.2 0.2 2.0 5.4 1.1 1.2 3.5 4.9 16.1 1.0 19.2 23.3 42.5
1975 — 0.1 0.1 2.2 5.1 1.9 1.9 5.1 4.3 18.3 1.1 21.8 22.3 44.0
1976 — 0.1 0.1 3.7 7.2 2.7 1.7 8.1 5.2 24.9 1.2 29.9 34.6 64.5
1977 — 0.2 0.2 4.4 7.1 3.1 1.6 8.5 5.0 25.2 1.4 31.2 27.6 58.8
1978 — (s) (s) 4.7 7.5 5.6 1.3 7.2 5.9 27.6 1.7 34.0 33.5 67.5
1979 — 0.1 0.1 5.6 17.2 2.1 1.5 3.2 8.3 32.2 1.8 39.7 35.7 75.4
1980 — 0.1 0.1 7.9 17.1 5.0 1.0 5.9 8.6 37.6 2.7 48.4 48.4 96.7
1981 — 0.1 0.1 11.6 17.8 3.7 0.7 6.0 10.4 38.7 2.9 53.3 56.6 109.9
1982 — 0.2 0.2 11.6 17.3 8.8 0.7 7.4 9.6 43.9 2.8 58.6 62.0 120.5
1983 — 0.2 0.2 10.2 11.5 7.1 0.5 8.0 10.5 37.7 3.2 51.2 64.4 115.6
1984 — 0.2 0.2 9.2 13.6 1.0 3.4 11.8 15.8 45.5 3.2 58.1 82.5 140.6
1985 — 0.3 0.3 9.1 19.2 3.0 5.8 2.8 19.6 50.4 3.2 63.0 95.3 158.4
1986 — 0.2 0.2 6.1 13.9 6.1 4.7 6.2 22.3 53.1 3.4 62.7 107.8 170.6
1987 — 0.1 0.1 5.8 15.1 8.3 4.8 4.8 20.6 53.5 3.4 62.9 85.3 148.2
1988 — 0.2 0.2 5.2 17.4 3.3 5.1 2.8 18.4 47.0 3.5 55.8 89.0 144.8
1989 — 0.3 0.3 5.7 17.5 5.0 5.9 1.8 20.5 50.7 2.5 59.3 90.0 149.3
1990 — 0.1 0.1 6.6 20.0 3.5 4.1 2.4 10.0 40.0 1.0 47.7 91.4 139.0
1991 — 0.5 0.5 5.1 17.9 10.2 4.4 2.1 12.9 47.5 1.6 54.7 97.5 152.2
1992 — 0.9 0.9 6.4 19.0 8.6 4.4 2.7 8.3 43.0 1.5 51.9 105.1 157.0
1993 — — — 7.3 16.7 8.2 3.6 5.0 2.9 36.3 1.5 45.2 107.3 152.5
1994 — — — 7.0 12.1 6.1 4.1 3.2 7.9 33.4 1.9 42.2 107.6 149.8
1995 — — — 7.3 10.1 6.0 4.5 2.6 8.6 31.8 2.3 41.4 112.2 153.6
1996 — — — 6.7 11.7 6.0 4.8 4.3 10.0 36.8 1.9 45.4 116.5 162.0
1997 — 6.8 6.8 7.2 11.8 3.4 5.1 4.3 24.3 49.0 2.1 65.1 116.2 181.2
1998 — — — 5.9 10.8 4.7 3.5 2.6 9.3 31.0 1.6 38.5 111.5 150.0
1999 — 4.5 4.5 8.9 11.9 0.6 4.3 2.7 8.0 27.4 1.4 42.2 116.7 158.9
2000 — — — 11.8 17.5 9.4 5.1 6.2 12.0 50.1 2.2 64.1 120.4 184.5
2001 — — — 13.0 15.7 14.0 10.2 4.2 13.5 57.6 2.1 72.8 126.9 199.7
2002 — — — 13.5 13.3 10.0 10.4 3.7 9.4 46.7 0.7 61.0 125.7 186.7
2003 — — — 12.3 20.6 6.8 13.9 4.7 9.4 55.3 0.4 68.1 117.5 185.6
2004 — — — 16.8 34.6 8.3 18.8 4.9 23.7 90.3 0.9 108.0 125.6 233.6
2005 — — — 20.1 45.8 17.7 22.5 7.7 12.9 106.6 3.1 129.8 127.8 257.6
2006 — — — 25.6 48.9 30.5 28.6 7.6 11.6 127.3 3.1 156.0 135.4 291.4
2007 — — — 27.1 42.8 19.1 23.3 9.6 25.3 120.1 0.6 147.8 145.9 293.7
2008 — — — 28.8 72.6 18.2 16.0 10.5 7.6 125.0 0.5 154.3 143.8 298.1
2009 — — — 22.9 51.8 7.7 11.5 7.3 50.2 128.5 0.5 151.9 127.4 279.3
2010 — — — 19.1 61.1 6.9 17.8 8.2 82.3 [R ] 176.3 [R ] 0.8 196.1 [R ] 137.9 334.0 [R ]
2011 — — — 17.1 94.9 8.5 22.8 10.7 84.9 [R ] 221.8 [R ] 0.6 239.5 [R ] 139.2 378.7 [R ]
2012 — — — 13.3 89.2 6.5 20.1 7.1 90.5 [R ] 213.4 [R ] 0.5 227.2 [R ] 141.9 369.1 [R ]
2013 — — — 11.2 70.3 9.6 19.9 11.1 97.8 [R ] 208.6 [R ] 0.6 220.4 [R ] 156.8 377.1 [R ]
2014 — — — 12.3 75.6 8.4 18.4 7.1 96.9 [R ] 206.3 [R ] 0.6 219.3 [R ] 145.1 364.4 [R ]
2015 — — — 11.2 46.8 4.2 10.0 1.8 84.6 [R ] 147.4 [R ] 0.6 159.2 [R ] 146.0 305.2 [R ]
2016 — — — 11.3 40.5 2.6 8.6 0.7 56.2 [R ] 108.6 [R ] 0.5 120.4 [R ] 147.9 268.3 [R ]
2017 — — — 10.8 47.3 8.3 9.7 1.1 63.3 129.7 0.3 140.8 145.4 286.2
2018 — — — 10.4 63.2 5.6 10.9 1.5 69.1 150.3 0.3 161.0 150.4 311.4
2019 — — — 9.8 59.5 2.4 10.0 1.3 63.2 136.4 0.3 146.5 155.9 302.5 [R ]
2020 — — — 7.8 47.8 3.6 8.5 0.4 68.2 128.5 0.3 136.6 153.3 289.9
2021 — — — 10.4 53.9 4.2 11.4 1.6 72.6 [R ] 143.7 [R ] 0.3 154.4 [R ] 156.0 310.4 [R ]
2022 — — — 14.5 92.8 4.4 15.9 2.7 92.3 [R ] 208.1 [R ] 0.3 222.9 [R ] 162.5 385.4 [R ]
2023 — — — 11.3 77.8 2.7 14.7 2.1 67.2 164.5 0.3 176.1 144.7 320.8

Footnotes:

a Includes supplemental gaseous fuels that are commingled with natural gas.

b Hydrocarbon gas liquids, include natural gas liquids and refinery olefins.

c Beginning in 1993, includes fuel ethanol blended into motor gasoline. There is a discontinuity in the expenditure series between 2014 and 2015 because of changes in consumption estimates from the source. See consumption technical notes, Section 4.

d Includes asphalt and road oil, kerosene, lubricants, petroleum coke, and the “other petroleum products” category. See technical notes, Section 4.

e Wood, wood-derived fuels, and biomass waste. Prior to 2001, includes non-biomass waste.

f There is a discontinuity in this time series between 1988 and 1989 due to the expanded coverage of the use of wood and biomass waste beginning in 1989.

g There are no direct fuel costs for hydroelectric, geothermal, solar, or wind energy.

h For 1981 through 1992, includes fuel ethanol blended into motor gasoline that is not included in the motor gasoline column.

i Electricity sales to ultimate customers reported by electric utilities and, beginning in 1996, other energy service providers.

Where shown, R = Revised data and (s) = Value less than 0.05 million dollars.

Where shown, — = No consumption, including cases where adjustments were made. See explanation of adjustments in Section 7 of the technical notes.

Notes: · Expenditure totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. · The industrial sector includes industrial combined-heat-and-power (CHP) and industrial electricity-only plants.

Web page: All data are available at https://www.eia.gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.php.

Data source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, State Energy Data System. See technical notes. https://www.eia.gov/state/seds/