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Changes to the State Energy Data System (SEDS) Notice: In October 2023, we updated the way we calculate primary energy consumption of electricity generation from noncombustible renewable energy sources (solar, wind, hydroelectric, and geothermal). Visit our Changes to 1960—2022 conversion factor for renewable energy page to learn more.

Table CT4. Residential sector energy consumption estimates, 1960-2022, United States

Table CT4. Residential sector energy consumption estimates, 1960-2022, United States






Year


Coal a

Natural
gas b		 Petroleum Biomass





Geothermal e





Solar e,f


Electricity g




End
use e,h


Electrical
system
energy
losses i





Total e,h
Distillate
fuel oil
HGL c
Kerosene
Total



Wood d
Million short
tons		 Billion
cubic feet
Million barrels		 Billion
kilowatthours
1960 24 3,103 269 79 62 411 – – – – – – 201 – – – – – –
1961 22 3,249 276 81 66 423 – – – – – – 214 – – – – – –
1962 22 3,479 290 89 65 444 – – – – – – 233 – – – – – –
1963 18 3,589 289 95 65 449 – – – – – – 251 – – – – – –
1964 16 3,787 280 97 57 434 – – – – – – 272 – – – – – –
1965 15 3,903 294 100 59 453 – – – – – – 291 – – – – – –
1966 15 4,138 291 107 56 454 – – – – – – 317 – – – – – –
1967 13 4,313 305 118 52 476 – – – – – – 340 – – – – – –
1968 11 4,450 317 127 56 501 – – – – – – 382 – – – – – –
1969 11 4,728 316 145 55 515 – – – – – – 427 – – – – – –
1970 9 4,837 322 143 53 518 – – – – – – 466 – – – – – –
1971 7 4,972 326 145 52 523 – – – – – – 500 – – – – – –
1972 5 5,126 343 156 48 547 – – – – – – 539 – – – – – –
1973 4 4,879 344 149 40 533 – – – – – – 579 – – – – – –
1974 4 4,786 317 137 32 486 – – – – – – 578 – – – – – –
1975 3 4,924 310 133 28 472 – – – – – – 588 – – – – – –
1976 3 5,051 341 139 33 512 – – – – – – 606 – – – – – –
1977 3 4,821 342 135 30 507 – – – – – – 645 – – – – – –
1978 2 4,903 335 131 27 493 – – – – – – 674 – – – – – –
1979 2 4,965 279 89 23 391 – – – – – – 683 – – – – – –
1980 1 4,752 226 81 19 326 – – – – – – 717 – – – – – –
1981 1 4,546 197 78 15 290 – – – – – – 722 – – – – – –
1982 1 4,633 180 75 17 272 – – – – – – 730 – – – – – –
1983 1 4,381 159 90 15 263 – – – – – – 751 – – – – – –
1984 2 4,555 187 73 28 288 – – – – – – 780 – – – – – –
1985 2 4,433 188 82 28 297 – – – – – – 794 – – – – – –
1986 2 4,314 191 80 21 292 – – – – – – 819 – – – – – –
1987 2 4,315 198 89 21 309 – – – – – – 850 – – – – – –
1988 2 4,630 204 89 25 319 – – – – – – 893 – – – – – –
1989 1 4,781 199 100 21 320 – – – – – – 906 – – – – – –
1990 1 4,391 168 92 11 271 – – – – – – 924 – – – – – –
1991 1 4,556 160 99 13 271 – – – – – – 955 – – – – – –
1992 1 4,690 168 96 11 276 – – – – – – 936 – – – – – –
1993 1 4,956 167 102 13 282 – – – – – – 995 – – – – – –
1994 1 4,848 165 100 11 276 – – – – – – 1,008 – – – – – –
1995 1 4,850 155 103 13 271 – – – – – – 1,043 – – – – – –
1996 1 5,241 159 122 16 297 – – – – – – 1,083 – – – – – –
1997 1 4,984 150 119 16 285 – – – – – – 1,076 – – – – – –
1998 1 4,520 133 111 19 262 – – – – – – 1,130 – – – – – –
1999 1 4,726 142 137 20 299 – – – – – – 1,145 – – – – – –
2000 (s) 4,996 155 145 17 317 – – – – – – 1,192 – – – – – –
2001 (s) 4,771 156 137 17 310 – – – – – – 1,202 – – – – – –
2002 1 4,889 148 140 11 298 – – – – – – 1,265 – – – – – –
2003 1 5,079 160 142 12 314 – – – – – – 1,276 – – – – – –
2004 1 4,869 159 133 15 307 – – – – – – 1,292 – – – – – –
2005 (s) 4,827 147 134 15 295 – – – – – – 1,359 – – – – – –
2006 (s) 4,368 122 116 12 250 – – – – – – 1,352 – – – – – –
2007 (s) 4,722 125 126 8 258 – – – – – – 1,392 – – – – – –
2008 0 4,892 130 144 4 278 – – – – – – 1,381 – – – – – –
2009 0 4,779 101 143 5 248 – – – – – – 1,365 – – – – – –
2010 0 4,782 97 138 5 240 – – – – – – 1,446 – – – – – –
2011 0 4,714 90 128 3 222 – – – – – – 1,423 – – – – – –
2012 0 4,150 84 103 1 188 – – – – – – 1,375 – – – – – –
2013 0 4,897 85 121 1 207 – – – – – – 1,395 – – – – – –
2014 0 5,087 92 127 2 222 – – – – – – 1,407 – – – – – –
2015 0 4,613 96 116 2 213 – – – – – – 1,404 – – – – – –
2016 0 4,347 75 112 2 190 – – – – – – 1,411 – – – – – –
2017 0 4,413 75 112 1 189 – – – – – – 1,379 – – – – – –
2018 0 4,998 88 132 1 221 – – – – – – 1,469 – – – – – –
2019 0 5,019 82 147 2 230 – – – – – – 1,440 – – – – – –
2020 0 4,674 71 129 2 202 – – – – – – 1,465 – – – – – –
2021 0 4,717 [R ] 82 126 2 210 – – – – – – 1,470 – – – – – –
2022 0 4,964 83 131 1 216 – – – – – – 1,509 – – – – – –
Trillion Btu
1960 578 3,212 1,568 305 354 2,228 627 NA NA 687 7,332 1,387 [R ] 8,719 [R ]
1961 527 3,362 1,610 312 372 2,293 587 NA NA 732 7,501 1,452 [R ] 8,952 [R ]
1962 515 3,600 1,688 341 371 2,399 560 NA NA 794 7,868 1,547 [R ] 9,416 [R ]
1963 434 3,695 1,683 365 366 2,415 537 NA NA 856 7,937 1,693 [R ] 9,629 [R ]
1964 375 3,900 1,632 372 322 2,326 499 NA NA 928 8,027 1,826 [R ] 9,853 [R ]
1965 348 4,019 1,713 386 334 2,432 468 NA NA 993 8,261 1,955 [R ] 10,215 [R ]
1966 345 4,260 1,693 413 317 2,422 455 NA NA 1,081 8,564 2,175 [R ] 10,739 [R ]
1967 296 4,440 1,778 454 295 2,528 434 NA NA 1,160 8,858 2,292 [R ] 11,150 [R ]
1968 261 4,578 1,847 489 319 2,655 426 NA NA 1,302 9,223 2,614 [R ] 11,836 [R ]
1969 245 4,864 1,838 556 311 2,706 415 NA NA 1,456 9,686 2,902 [R ] 12,588 [R ]
1970 207 4,953 1,878 549 298 2,726 401 NA NA 1,591 9,877 3,262 [R ] 13,140 [R ]
1971 171 5,092 1,897 557 295 2,749 382 NA NA 1,704 10,098 3,472 [R ] 13,569 [R ]
1972 115 5,257 1,996 601 271 2,868 380 NA NA 1,838 10,458 3,759 [R ] 14,217 [R ]
1973 94 5,001 2,003 571 227 2,801 354 NA NA 1,976 10,226 4,047 [R ] 14,273 [R ]
1974 82 4,898 1,844 527 184 2,555 371 NA NA 1,973 9,878 4,051 [R ] 13,929 [R ]
1975 62 5,024 1,807 512 161 2,479 425 NA NA 2,007 9,998 4,102 [R ] 14,100 [R ]
1976 59 5,149 1,987 533 184 2,704 482 NA NA 2,069 10,462 4,301 [R ] 14,763 [R ]
1977 57 4,914 1,994 520 167 2,682 542 NA NA 2,202 10,397 4,744 [R ] 15,142 [R ]
1978 49 4,987 1,951 505 153 2,608 622 NA NA 2,301 10,567 4,917 [R ] 15,485 [R ]
1979 38 5,052 1,626 340 133 2,099 728 NA NA 2,330 10,247 4,917 [R ] 15,164 [R ]
1980 31 4,855 1,316 312 107 1,734 846 NA NA 2,448 9,846 5,214 [R ] 15,059 [R ]
1981 30 4,652 1,147 299 85 1,531 873 NA NA 2,464 9,473 5,143 [R ] 14,616 [R ]
1982 32 4,751 1,050 289 95 1,434 971 NA NA 2,489 9,609 5,114 [R ] 14,723 [R ]
1983 31 4,515 924 344 85 1,354 970 NA NA 2,562 9,372 5,188 [R ] 14,559 [R ]
1984 40 4,685 1,091 280 160 1,531 980 NA NA 2,662 9,848 5,283 [R ] 15,131 [R ]
1985 39 4,566 1,092 315 159 1,566 1,010 NA NA 2,709 9,835 5,508 [R ] 15,343 [R ]
1986 41 4,432 1,111 308 121 1,541 920 NA NA 2,795 9,680 5,539 [R ] 15,219 [R ]
1987 38 4,436 1,156 343 119 1,617 853 NA NA 2,902 9,806 5,791 [R ] 15,597 [R ]
1988 37 4,757 1,190 342 144 1,675 910 NA NA 3,046 10,386 6,187 [R ] 16,574 [R ]
1989 31 4,926 1,160 383 117 1,661 920 5 52 3,090 10,642 6,446 [R ] 17,088 [R ]
1990 31 4,519 978 353 64 1,395 582 6 55 3,153 9,694 6,521 [R ] 16,215 [R ]
1991 25 4,684 930 379 72 1,381 610 6 56 3,260 9,982 6,698 [R ] 16,680 [R ]
1992 26 4,820 980 370 65 1,415 640 6 58 3,193 10,116 6,597 [R ] 16,714 [R ]
1993 26 5,098 974 390 76 1,439 548 7 60 3,394 10,528 6,978 [R ] 17,506 [R ]
1994 21 4,981 959 384 65 1,408 520 6 62 3,441 10,399 7,050 [R ] 17,448 [R ]
1995 17 4,984 904 395 74 1,374 520 7 63 3,557 10,481 7,273 [R ] 17,754 [R ]
1996 16 5,391 925 469 89 1,483 540 7 63 3,694 11,154 7,484 [R ] 18,638 [R ]
1997 16 5,125 874 455 93 1,422 428 7 62 3,671 10,694 7,412 [R ] 18,106 [R ]
1998 12 4,671 771 424 108 1,304 380 8 62 3,856 10,259 7,916 [R ] 18,175 [R ]
1999 14 4,857 827 527 111 1,465 390 9 60 3,906 10,666 8,101 [R ] 18,766 [R ]
2000 11 5,104 904 556 95 1,554 420 9 57 [R ] 4,069 11,191 8,523 [R ] 19,714 [R ]
2001 11 4,902 907 526 95 1,529 374 9 55 4,100 10,950 [R ] 8,496 [R ] 19,447 [R ]
2002 12 5,006 859 538 60 1,457 380 10 53 4,317 11,211 [R ] 8,838 [R ] 20,049 [R ]
2003 12 5,224 931 545 70 1,547 400 13 51 [R ] 4,353 11,576 8,767 [R ] 20,343 [R ]
2004 11 4,993 923 512 85 1,520 410 14 51 4,408 11,387 8,942 [R ] 20,329 [R ]
2005 8 4,958 853 514 84 1,450 428 16 49 [R ] 4,638 11,527 [R ] 9,318 [R ] 20,845 [R ]
2006 6 4,483 709 446 66 1,222 380 18 51 [R ] 4,611 10,751 [R ] 9,088 [R ] 19,839 [R ]
2007 8 4,849 721 484 44 1,249 420 22 53 [R ] 4,750 11,333 [R ] 9,441 [R ] 20,773 [R ]
2008 0 5,018 750 553 21 1,325 470 26 56 [R ] 4,711 11,587 [R ] 9,263 [R ] 20,850 [R ]
2009 0 4,899 582 548 28 1,157 504 33 56 [R ] 4,657 11,287 [R ] 8,893 [R ] 20,180 [R ]
2010 0 4,887 561 530 29 1,120 541 37 59 [R ] 4,933 11,558 [R ] 9,420 [R ] 20,979 [R ]
2011 0 4,817 522 493 19 1,033 524 40 62 [R ] 4,855 11,315 [R ] 8,954 [R ] 20,269 [R ]
2012 0 4,253 482 396 8 885 438 40 66 [R ] 4,690 10,356 [R ] 8,487 [R ] 18,844 [R ]
2013 0 5,037 491 463 8 962 572 40 72 [R ] 4,759 11,426 [R ] 8,541 [R ] 19,967 [R ]
2014 0 5,258 532 490 14 1,035 579 40 79 [R ] 4,801 11,774 [R ] 8,568 [R ] 20,342 [R ]
2015 0 4,794 550 446 10 1,006 513 40 87 [R ] 4,791 11,215 [R ] 8,311 [R ] 19,526 [R ]
2016 0 4,525 434 430 14 877 445 40 100 [R ] 4,815 10,787 [R ] 8,165 [R ] 18,952 [R ]
2017 0 4,593 431 431 8 870 430 40 113 [R ] 4,704 10,734 [R ] 7,745 [R ] 18,479 [R ]
2018 0 5,202 506 507 8 1,021 525 40 123 [R ] 5,013 11,907 [R ] 8,144 [R ] 20,051 [R ]
2019 0 5,232 470 563 11 1,044 546 40 136 [R ] 4,914 11,898 [R ] 7,699 [R ] 19,597 [R ]
2020 0 4,876 407 495 11 913 345 [R ] 40 151 [R ] 4,997 11,308 [R ] 7,513 [R ] 18,821 [R ]
2021 0 4,915 [R ] 473 484 9 967 344 [R ] 40 169 [R ] 5,017 11,437 [R ] 7,580 [R ] 19,017 [R ]
2022 0 5,176 479 504 8 991 422 40 200 5,150 11,962 7,572 19,534
aBeginning in 2008, data are no longer collected and are assumed to be zero. hBeginning in 1980, adjusted for the double-counting of supplemental gaseous fuels, which are included in both natural gas
and the other fossil fuels from which they are mostly derived, but should be counted only once in End Use and Total.
bIncludes supplemental gaseous fuels that are commingled with natural gas. iIncurred in the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity plus plant use and unaccounted for electrical system
energy losses. Pre-1990 estimates are not comparable to those for later years. See Section 6 of Technical Notes for an
explanation of changes in methodology.
cHydrocarbon gas liquids, assumed to be propane only. – – = Not applicable. NA = Not available.
dWood and wood-derived fuels. Where shown, R = Revised data and (s) = Value less than 0.5.
eThere is a discontinuity in this time series between 1988 and 1989 due to the expanded coverage of renewable energy
sources beginning in 1989.		 Notes: · Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. · The continuity of these data series
estimates may be affected by changing data sources and estimation methodologies. See the Technical Notes for each type of
energy.
fSolar thermal and photovoltaic energy. Includes solar thermal energy consumed as heat by the commercial and industrial
sectors.		 Web Page: All data are available at https://www.eia.gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.php.
gElectricity sales to ultimate customers reported by electric utilities and, beginning in 1996, other energy service providers. Data Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, State Energy Data System. See Technical Notes.
http://www.eia.gov/state/seds/